Richard T Hamner, Steven H Stumpf, Survey away from puffing training, thinking and practice at school pupils when you look at the Honduras, Relatives Behavior, Regularity 18, Thing six, pra/18.six.627
Abstract
Procedures. A beneficial several-product survey was administered throughout the class room so you’re able to 5th and 6th values pupils. A portion of the benefit procedures were a reason off group activities, individual puffing feel, experience with health risks, thinking regarding tobacco use and seen resources of suggestions.
Efficiency. A total of 225 college students have been surveyed. The majority was in fact conscious puffing is actually bad for health, and more than claimed never with used. Most viewed puffing once the unsightly. Family and friends have been chosen because major way to obtain guidance.
Findings. School children in this area away from Honduras are aware of the health threats regarding smoking to discover smoking because unsightly.
Hamner RT and you can Stumpf SH. Questionnaire out of smoking studies, attitudes and practice at school children from inside the Honduras. Family Routine 2001; 18: 627–628.
Inclusion
The country is within the center regarding a tobacco cigarette crisis once the international smoke Strona internetowa people consider the fresh developing business to change diminishing locations when you look at the developed regions. 1 It is predicted you to definitely within the earliest quarter 100 years, the amount of cigarette smokers will increase of the an one half million, additionally the amount of annual tobacco-related deaths usually over triple so you can 10 mil, that have development regions distress the greatest perception. dos
Asia, the largest economy having cig, are “considered for the an initial phase of one’s tobacco crisis”. step 3 Latin America enjoys lagged behind China during the monetary increases. Honduras is among the poorest countries regarding western hemisphere. Below step one% from to another country tobacco cigarette conversion were to Latin America inside 1988. 4 It has been advised that development regions on the basic level may be the most satisfying components to own precautionary strategies. 5
The most insidious aspect of the cigarette smoking industry’s need certainly to build long-title smokers is the have to address and addict youngsters. six However, there is significantly factual statements about for each and every capita puffing costs, there can be a great paucity of data off people within the developing regions. All of our report on the brand new literary works yielded zero equivalent penned surveys from cig knowledge, attitudes and practice from inside the Latin american youngsters.
Methods
A get older-appropriate, 12-product survey was created handling using tobacco into the four domains: private have fun with; seen health impact; concept sourced elements of advice; and perception regarding smoking. Other things built-up identity analysis. The latest survey is administered to all or any of the students within brand new 5th and you will sixth grade classes after all four colleges receive on Los Pinos urban area through the November 1996. Los Pinos is actually an impoverished neighborhood for the outskirts of your financial support city of Tegucigalpa. Surveys have been finished anonymously throughout the classification go out if you are proctored because of the detectives.
Results
A maximum of 225 studies was accumulated. All the available analysis is tested. There have been a total of 146 (59 male, 87 lady) fifth graders surveyed having a suggest chronilogical age of 11 many years; and you can 79 (31 male, 49 women) 6th graders with a hateful age of 12 years. Questionnaire solutions handling brand new five domain names is actually claimed into the Table 1 .
The solutions failed to disagree between values accounts and you will had been aggregated. Similarly, this new solutions with the issues on the resources of advice was basically new same for both positives and negatives away from puffing, and therefore had been mutual. As this means the outcomes out of several independent questions, precisely the rates are included in the new table.
A lot of students advertised which have never ever used and know you to definitely puffing are harmful to wellness. Students mainly watched puffing because unsightly and you may recognized friends while the a primary way to obtain advice.
Talk
Some of the pupils interviewed advertised that have smoked. This new survey was unknown but administerd regarding classroom, and often for the teacher introduce. This type of items have contributed to college students perhaps not reporting real smoking behavior correctly.
Our very own survey conclusions suggest that pre-teenage school children inside the Honduras know the health problems posed from the smoking. not, risk sense alone appears to be diminished in order to discourage smoking. On the other hand, certain accounts inform you chance good sense getting personally, perhaps not inversely synchronised so you can puffing prices within the teens. eight
It would appear that most students i interviewed haven’t read to associate puffing toward glamour and you can machismo illustrated inside cig sale, that way embodied inside ‘Marlboro Man’.
Brand new survey implies that friends and family is an essential origin of data. Equivalent results for sources of information on ‘advantages’ in the place of ‘disadvantages’ from smoking can get show the shortcoming of people to discriminate anywhere between this type of values. All of our investigation is actually simply for the skill of college-old people to test conceptual principles, and make value judgments concerning your benefits and drawbacks of smoking.
Our very own survey decide to try was short. Our very own data are restricted then by not approaching brand new proportion out-of youngsters during the Los Pinos exactly who attend school, and/or percentage of children signed up who were in fact within the attendance during the time of brand new questionnaire. And therefore the outcomes may only echo the newest thinking of one’s people contained in college or university and may never be generalizable to all or any from the kids of this type.
Knowledge of the us and records away from development nations suggest you to definitely cigarette taxes and you will personal wellness guidelines is actually effective deterrents to help you puffing. 8 When you look at the 1987, smoking try prohibited about strengthening of Honduran Secretary out of Wellness. Into the 1988, a national panel is actually molded to advertise puffing cessation and you can reduction.
It is guaranteeing to locate you to school children i interviewed from inside the Honduras know the health threats from the puffing. We need to continue to contain the legislation during the development regions you to definitely controls possesses new puffing crisis. Particularly productive seems to-be tips you to definitely manage students from smoking paign facing puffing is defuse a community wellness date-bomb earlier gets a formidable societal fitness crisis.